INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

TYPES OF COMPUTERS

Computers come in different sizes. Some are big while others are small.

Desktop Computer

• This computer is kept on a desk. It is also known as the PC or personal computer.
• A PC has a keyboard, a mouse, a monitor and a CPU.
• A desktop computer is heavy and is difficult to carry from one place to another.

Laptop

• It is a computer which you can keep on your lap.
• It is small in size and light in weight. It can be easily carried from one place to another.
• A laptop works on a battery.

Palmtop

• It is smaller than a laptop and can fit on your palm.
• A palmtop also works on a battery.

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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

COMPUTER AND MAN

Computers are one of the greatest wonders created by man. It is a wonderful machine. But, it cannot work on its own. 

•  A computer can work very fast. It can perform large number of calculations in seconds. Man cannot work as fast as a computer.
•  A computer does not get tired. It can keep working for long hours. Man gets tired if he works for long hours.
•  A computer can remember lots of information in its memory. Man can forget things.
•  A computer does not make mistakes. It gives correct results. Man can make mistakes.
• A computer does not get bored of doing the same work many times. Man gets bored if he does the same work many times.
• A computer cannot think and does not have any feelings. Man can think and has feelings.
• A computer cannot take decisions. It works according to the instructions given by man. Man can take his own decisions.
• A computer runs on electricity. Man does not need electricity for doing work.

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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

Computer - A Smart Machine

 

A Computer is an electronic machine. It is used at many place.

A computer makes you do your work easily and quickly.

It works very fast. A computer has a memory like us.

A computer can be used to watch cartoons, make drawings, solve sums, and play games.

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Top 100 Networking Interview Questions and answers

51) What protocol can be applied when you want to transfer files between different platforms, such between UNIX systems and Windows servers?

Use FTP (File Transfer Protocol) for file transfers between such different servers. This is possible because FTP is platform independent.

52) What is the use of a default gateway?

Default gateways provide means for the local networks to connect to the external network. The default gateway for connecting to the external network is usually the address of the external router port.

53) One way of securing a network is through the use of passwords. What can be considered as good passwords?

Good passwords are made up of not just letters, but by combining letters and numbers. A password that combines uppercase and lowercase letters is favorable than one that uses all upper case or all lower case letters. Passwords must be not words that can easily be guessed by hackers, such as dates, names, favorites, etc. Longer passwords are also better than short ones.

54) What is the proper termination rate for UTP cables?

The proper termination for unshielded twisted pair network cable is 100 ohms.

55) What is netstat?

Netstat is a command line utility program. It provides useful information about the current TCP/IP settings of a connection.

56) What is the number of network IDs in a Class C network?

For a Class C network, the number of usable Network ID bits is 21. The number of possible network IDs is 2 raised to 21 or 2,097,152. The number of host IDs per network ID is 2 raised to 8 minus 2, or 254.

57) What happens when you use cables longer than the prescribed length?

Cables that are too long would result in signal loss. This means that data transmission and reception would be affected, because the signal degrades over length.

58) What common software problems can lead to network defects?

Software related problems can be any or a combination of the following:
– client server problems
– application conflicts
– error in configuration
– protocol mismatch
– security issues
– user policy and rights issues

59) What is ICMP?

ICMP is Internet Control Message Protocol. It provides messaging and communication for protocols within the TCP/IP stack. This is also the protocol that manages error messages that are used by network tools such as PING.

60) What is Ping?

Ping is a utility program that allows you to check connectivity between network devices on the network. You can ping a device by using its IP address or device name, such as a computer name.

61) What is peer to peer?

Peer to peer are networks that does not reply on a server. All PCs on this network act as individual workstations.

 

 Top Networking Interview Questions and Answers


62) What is DNS?

DNS is Domain Name System. The main function of this network service is to provide host names to TCP/IP address resolution.

63) What advantages does fiber optics have over other media?

One major advantage of fiber optics is that is it less susceptible to electrical interference. It also supports higher bandwidth, meaning more data can be transmitted and received. Signal degrading is also very minimal over long distances.

64) What is the difference between a hub and a switch?

A hub acts as a multiport repeater. However, as more and more devices connect to it, it would not be able to efficiently manage the volume of traffic that passes through it. A switch provides a better alternative that can improve the performance especially when high traffic volume is expected across all ports.

65) What are the different network protocols that are supported by Windows RRAS services?

There are three main network protocols supported: NetBEUI, TCP/IP, and IPX.

66) What are the maximum networks and hosts in a class A, B and C network?

For Class A, there are 126 possible networks and 16,777,214 hosts
For Class B, there are 16,384 possible networks and 65,534 hosts
For Class C, there are 2,097,152 possible networks and 254 hosts

67) What is the standard color sequence of a straight-through cable?

orange/white, orange, green/white, blue, blue/white, green, brown/white, brown.

68) What protocols fall under the Application layer of the TCP/IP stack?

The following are the protocols under TCP/IP Application layer: FTP, TFTP, Telnet and SMTP.

69) You need to connect two computers for file sharing. Is it possible to do this without using a hub or router?

Yes, you can connect two computers together using only one cable. A crossover type cable can be use in this scenario. In this setup, the data transmit pin of one cable is connected to the data receive pin of the other cable, and vice versa.

70) What is ipconfig?

Ipconfig is a utility program that is commonly used to identify the addresses information of a computer on a network. It can show the physical address as well as the IP address.

Top 100 Networking Interview Questions and Answers

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